29th July 1975
Gowon overthrown in bloodless coup, Muritala Mohammed assumes power.
[flash]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6CKWGJOGgM?version=3&feature=player_detailpage [/flash]
General Yakubu Gowon was ousted as Nigeria's Head of Government on Tuesday (28 July) while attending the Organisation of African Unity summit meeting in Kampala. News of the power take-over came from the Commander of General Gowon's elite Guards Brigade, Colonel Joseph Garba.
Lagos Airport was ringed by troops and a dusk-to-dawn curfew has been declared, but Colonel Garba claims the coup has been bloodless.
In a radio broadcast, Colonel Garba spoke of the action being taken "after what has happened during the past few months" but did not elaborate.
General Gowon was deposed in a bloodless coup on 29 July while he was attending the Organisation of African Unity (DAU) conference in Kampala, Uganda.
According to reports form Lagos, a major reason behind the coup was dissatisfaction in the Armed Forces and the community at large with General Gowon's failure to carry out his pledge to hold elections.
Another reason given was alleged widespread corruption in the previous government and growing stagnation. One visible example of the situation was the backlog of ships that have clogged Lagos harbour for weeks.
General Gowon received the news during a session of the OAU conference and immediately left for his hotel. He has been quoted as saying that although he suspected something could happen in Nigeria during his absence he could not believe it had actually happened.
The former leader then left Kampala for an unknown destination.
General Gowon came to power in 1966 and his regime was due to step down in 1976 to make way for civilian rule. But last October he announced that the time was not right for such a handover.His own rise to the top came with a bloody army mutiny and he held top office during two and a half years of bitter civil war. General Gowon finally brought peace to his shattered country of 55 million people in January 1970. He was only 35 at the time and one of Africa's youngest leaders.
He established a reputation as a top administrator in war and peace and led his country to victory over the declared state of Biafra.
General Gowon was a British-trained soldier and served with the United Nations peace-keeping force in the strife-torn Congo (now the Zaire Republic).
He neither drinks nor smokes and has already refused to live in Nigeria's sprawling State Palace. Instead, he chose to live in a two-story house in Dodan military barracks, in Lagos. He lived there with his wife, Victoria, whom he married in 1969, and his one-year-old son.
Tuesday, coup followed months of labour and student unrest in Africa's most populous nation. Students were inflamed by General Gowon's October speech, going back on his promise of civilian rule and campus anger led to the closing of several universities last February.
Labour unions seeking higher wages brought a spate of strikes and industrial unrest to the country.
The Gowon administration was also troubled by demands for the creation of new states within the 12-state Federation.
Colonel Garba, the man who proclaimed General Gowon's departure from office, was known to be close to his former leader. The Colonel is said to be a good professional soldier with a strong personality.
Maiden Speech of Brigadier Murtala Ramat Muhammed, July 29, 1975
Fellow Nigerians, events of the past few years have indicated that despite our great human and material resources, the Government has not been able to fulfill the legitimate expectations of our people. Nigeria has been left to drift. This situation, if not arrested, would inevitably have resulted in chaos and even bloodshed.In the endeavour to build a strong, united and virile nation, Nigerians have shed much blood. The thought of further bloodshed, for whatever reasons must, I am sure, be revolting to our people. The Armed Forces, having examined the situation, came to the conclusion that certain changes were inevitable.After the civil war, the affairs of state, hitherto a collective responsibility, became characterized by lack of consultation, indecision, indiscipline and even neglect. Indeed, the public at large became disillusioned and disappointed by these developments. This trend was clearly incompatible with the philosophy and image of a corrective regime. Unknown to the general public, the feeling of disillusionment was also evident among members of the armed forces whose administration was neglected but who, out of sheer loyalty to the Nation, and in the hope that there would be a change, continued to suffer in silence.Things got to a stage where the head of administration became virtually inaccessible even to official advisers; and when advice was tendered, it was often ignored. Responsible opinion, including advice by eminent Nigerians, traditional rulers, intellectuals, et cetera, was similarly discarded. The leadership, either by design or default, had become too insensitive to the true feelings and yearnings of the people. The nation was thus plunged inexorably into chaos. It was obvious that matters could not, and should not, be allowed in this manner, and in order to give the nation a new lease of life, and sense of direction, the following decisions were taken:1. The removal of General Yakubu Gowon as Head of the Federal Military Government and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces.2. The retirement of General Yakubu Gowon from the Armed Forces in his present rank of General with full benefits, in recognition of his past services to the nation.3. General Gowon will be free to return to the country as soon as conditions permit; he will be free to pursue any legitimate undertakings of his choice in any part of the country. His personal safety and freedom and those of his family will be guaranteed.4. The following members of the Armed Forces are retired with immediate effect:Vice Admiral JEA Wey – Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ, Major-General Hassan Katsina – Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ, Major-General David Ejoor – Chief of Staff (Army), Rear Admiral Nelson Soroh – Chief of Naval Staff, Brigadier EE Ikwue – Chief of Air Staff, and all other officers of the rank of major general (or equivalent) and above.Alhaji Kam Salem – Inspector General of Police, Chief TA Fagbola – Deputy Inspector General of Police5. Also with immediate effect, all the present Military Governors, and the Administrator of East Central State, have been relieved of their appointments and retired.6. As you are already aware, new appointments have been made as follows:Brigadier TY Danjuma – Chief of Army Staff, Colonel John Yisa Doko – Chief of Air Staff, Commodore Michael Adelanwa – Chief of Naval Staff, Mr. MD Yusuf – Inspector General of Police
New Military Governors have also been appointed for the States as follows:
1. Lt. Col. Muhammed Buhari, North East
2. Colonel George Innih, Midwest
3. Lt. Col. Sani Bello, Kano
4. Captain Adekunle Lawal (Navy), Lagos
5. Lt. Col. Paul Omu, South East
6. Colonel Ibrahim Taiwo, Kwara
7. Captain Akin Aduwo, (Navy), West
8. Col. Anthony Ochefu, East Central
9. Lt. Col. Usman Jibrin, North central
10. Col. Abdullahi Mohammed, Benue-Plateau
11. Lt. Col. Umaru Mohammed, North West
12. Lt. Col. Zamani Lekwot, Rivers
The Structure of Government has been reorganized. There will now be three organs of government at the federal level namely,
(i) The Supreme Military Council (ii) The National Council of States (iii) The Federal Executive Council
There will of course continue to be Executive Councils at the State level. The reconstituted Supreme Military Council will comprise the following:
The Head of State and C-in-C of the Armed Forces
Brigadier Olusegun Obasanjo – Chief of Staff, SHQ
Brigadier TY Danjuma – Chief of Army Staff
Commodore Michael Adelanwa – Chief of Naval Staff
Col. John Yisa Doko – Chief of Air Staff
Mr. MD Yusuf – IG of Police
GOCs -
1st Division, Brigadier Julius Akinrinade
2nd Division, Brigadier Martin Adamu
3rd Division, Brigadier Emmanuel Abisoye
L.G.O., Brigadier John Obada
Colonel Joseph Garba
Lt. Col Shehu YarAdua
Brigadier James Oluleye
Brigadier Iliya Bisalla
Colonel Ibrahim Babangida
Lt. Col Muktar Muhammed
Colonel Dan Suleiman
Captain Olufemi Olumide (NN)
Captain H Husaini Abdullahi (NN)
Mr. Adamu Suleman, Commissioner of Police
Lt. Col. Alfred Aduloju
Lt. Commander Godwin Kanu (NN)
All the civil commissioners in the Federal Executive Council are relieved of their appointments with immediate effect. The composition of the new Executive Council will be announced shortly.
Political Programme
We will review the political programme and make an announcement in due course. In the meantime, a panel will be set up to advise on the question of new states. A panel will also be set up to advise on the question of the federal capital.
With due regard to the 1973 population census, it is now clear that whatever results are announced will not command general acceptance throughout the country. It has, therefore, been decided to cancel the 1973 population census. Accordingly, for planning purposes, the 1963 census figures shall continue to be used.
A panel will be set up to advise on the future of the Interim Common Services Agency (ICSA) and the Eastern States Interim Assets and Liability Agency (ESIALA).
The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture is postponed in view of the obvious difficulties in providing all the necessary facilities. Consultations will be held with other participating countries with a view to fixing a new date.
Finally, we reaffirm this country’s friendship with all countries. Foreign nationals living in Nigeria will be protected. Foreign investments will also be protected. The government will honour all obligations entered into by the previous Governments of the Federation. We will also give continued support to the Organization of African Unity, the United Nations Organization, and the Commonwealth.
Fellow Countrymen, the task ahead of us calls for sacrifice and self discipline at all levels of our society. This government will not tolerate indiscipline. The Government will not condone abuse of office.
I appeal to you all to cooperate with the Government in our endeavour to give this nation a new lease of life. This change of Government has been accomplished without shedding any blood; and we intend to keep it so.
Long live the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
Gowon overthrown in bloodless coup, Muritala Mohammed assumes power.
[flash]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6CKWGJOGgM?version=3&feature=player_detailpage [/flash]
General Yakubu Gowon was ousted as Nigeria's Head of Government on Tuesday (28 July) while attending the Organisation of African Unity summit meeting in Kampala. News of the power take-over came from the Commander of General Gowon's elite Guards Brigade, Colonel Joseph Garba.
Lagos Airport was ringed by troops and a dusk-to-dawn curfew has been declared, but Colonel Garba claims the coup has been bloodless.
In a radio broadcast, Colonel Garba spoke of the action being taken "after what has happened during the past few months" but did not elaborate.
General Gowon was deposed in a bloodless coup on 29 July while he was attending the Organisation of African Unity (DAU) conference in Kampala, Uganda.
According to reports form Lagos, a major reason behind the coup was dissatisfaction in the Armed Forces and the community at large with General Gowon's failure to carry out his pledge to hold elections.
Another reason given was alleged widespread corruption in the previous government and growing stagnation. One visible example of the situation was the backlog of ships that have clogged Lagos harbour for weeks.
General Gowon received the news during a session of the OAU conference and immediately left for his hotel. He has been quoted as saying that although he suspected something could happen in Nigeria during his absence he could not believe it had actually happened.
The former leader then left Kampala for an unknown destination.
General Gowon came to power in 1966 and his regime was due to step down in 1976 to make way for civilian rule. But last October he announced that the time was not right for such a handover.His own rise to the top came with a bloody army mutiny and he held top office during two and a half years of bitter civil war. General Gowon finally brought peace to his shattered country of 55 million people in January 1970. He was only 35 at the time and one of Africa's youngest leaders.
He established a reputation as a top administrator in war and peace and led his country to victory over the declared state of Biafra.
General Gowon was a British-trained soldier and served with the United Nations peace-keeping force in the strife-torn Congo (now the Zaire Republic).
He neither drinks nor smokes and has already refused to live in Nigeria's sprawling State Palace. Instead, he chose to live in a two-story house in Dodan military barracks, in Lagos. He lived there with his wife, Victoria, whom he married in 1969, and his one-year-old son.
Tuesday, coup followed months of labour and student unrest in Africa's most populous nation. Students were inflamed by General Gowon's October speech, going back on his promise of civilian rule and campus anger led to the closing of several universities last February.
Labour unions seeking higher wages brought a spate of strikes and industrial unrest to the country.
The Gowon administration was also troubled by demands for the creation of new states within the 12-state Federation.
Colonel Garba, the man who proclaimed General Gowon's departure from office, was known to be close to his former leader. The Colonel is said to be a good professional soldier with a strong personality.
Maiden Speech of Brigadier Murtala Ramat Muhammed, July 29, 1975
Fellow Nigerians, events of the past few years have indicated that despite our great human and material resources, the Government has not been able to fulfill the legitimate expectations of our people. Nigeria has been left to drift. This situation, if not arrested, would inevitably have resulted in chaos and even bloodshed.In the endeavour to build a strong, united and virile nation, Nigerians have shed much blood. The thought of further bloodshed, for whatever reasons must, I am sure, be revolting to our people. The Armed Forces, having examined the situation, came to the conclusion that certain changes were inevitable.After the civil war, the affairs of state, hitherto a collective responsibility, became characterized by lack of consultation, indecision, indiscipline and even neglect. Indeed, the public at large became disillusioned and disappointed by these developments. This trend was clearly incompatible with the philosophy and image of a corrective regime. Unknown to the general public, the feeling of disillusionment was also evident among members of the armed forces whose administration was neglected but who, out of sheer loyalty to the Nation, and in the hope that there would be a change, continued to suffer in silence.Things got to a stage where the head of administration became virtually inaccessible even to official advisers; and when advice was tendered, it was often ignored. Responsible opinion, including advice by eminent Nigerians, traditional rulers, intellectuals, et cetera, was similarly discarded. The leadership, either by design or default, had become too insensitive to the true feelings and yearnings of the people. The nation was thus plunged inexorably into chaos. It was obvious that matters could not, and should not, be allowed in this manner, and in order to give the nation a new lease of life, and sense of direction, the following decisions were taken:1. The removal of General Yakubu Gowon as Head of the Federal Military Government and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces.2. The retirement of General Yakubu Gowon from the Armed Forces in his present rank of General with full benefits, in recognition of his past services to the nation.3. General Gowon will be free to return to the country as soon as conditions permit; he will be free to pursue any legitimate undertakings of his choice in any part of the country. His personal safety and freedom and those of his family will be guaranteed.4. The following members of the Armed Forces are retired with immediate effect:Vice Admiral JEA Wey – Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ, Major-General Hassan Katsina – Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ, Major-General David Ejoor – Chief of Staff (Army), Rear Admiral Nelson Soroh – Chief of Naval Staff, Brigadier EE Ikwue – Chief of Air Staff, and all other officers of the rank of major general (or equivalent) and above.Alhaji Kam Salem – Inspector General of Police, Chief TA Fagbola – Deputy Inspector General of Police5. Also with immediate effect, all the present Military Governors, and the Administrator of East Central State, have been relieved of their appointments and retired.6. As you are already aware, new appointments have been made as follows:Brigadier TY Danjuma – Chief of Army Staff, Colonel John Yisa Doko – Chief of Air Staff, Commodore Michael Adelanwa – Chief of Naval Staff, Mr. MD Yusuf – Inspector General of Police
New Military Governors have also been appointed for the States as follows:
1. Lt. Col. Muhammed Buhari, North East
2. Colonel George Innih, Midwest
3. Lt. Col. Sani Bello, Kano
4. Captain Adekunle Lawal (Navy), Lagos
5. Lt. Col. Paul Omu, South East
6. Colonel Ibrahim Taiwo, Kwara
7. Captain Akin Aduwo, (Navy), West
8. Col. Anthony Ochefu, East Central
9. Lt. Col. Usman Jibrin, North central
10. Col. Abdullahi Mohammed, Benue-Plateau
11. Lt. Col. Umaru Mohammed, North West
12. Lt. Col. Zamani Lekwot, Rivers
The Structure of Government has been reorganized. There will now be three organs of government at the federal level namely,
(i) The Supreme Military Council (ii) The National Council of States (iii) The Federal Executive Council
There will of course continue to be Executive Councils at the State level. The reconstituted Supreme Military Council will comprise the following:
The Head of State and C-in-C of the Armed Forces
Brigadier Olusegun Obasanjo – Chief of Staff, SHQ
Brigadier TY Danjuma – Chief of Army Staff
Commodore Michael Adelanwa – Chief of Naval Staff
Col. John Yisa Doko – Chief of Air Staff
Mr. MD Yusuf – IG of Police
GOCs -
1st Division, Brigadier Julius Akinrinade
2nd Division, Brigadier Martin Adamu
3rd Division, Brigadier Emmanuel Abisoye
L.G.O., Brigadier John Obada
Colonel Joseph Garba
Lt. Col Shehu YarAdua
Brigadier James Oluleye
Brigadier Iliya Bisalla
Colonel Ibrahim Babangida
Lt. Col Muktar Muhammed
Colonel Dan Suleiman
Captain Olufemi Olumide (NN)
Captain H Husaini Abdullahi (NN)
Mr. Adamu Suleman, Commissioner of Police
Lt. Col. Alfred Aduloju
Lt. Commander Godwin Kanu (NN)
All the civil commissioners in the Federal Executive Council are relieved of their appointments with immediate effect. The composition of the new Executive Council will be announced shortly.
Political Programme
We will review the political programme and make an announcement in due course. In the meantime, a panel will be set up to advise on the question of new states. A panel will also be set up to advise on the question of the federal capital.
With due regard to the 1973 population census, it is now clear that whatever results are announced will not command general acceptance throughout the country. It has, therefore, been decided to cancel the 1973 population census. Accordingly, for planning purposes, the 1963 census figures shall continue to be used.
A panel will be set up to advise on the future of the Interim Common Services Agency (ICSA) and the Eastern States Interim Assets and Liability Agency (ESIALA).
The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture is postponed in view of the obvious difficulties in providing all the necessary facilities. Consultations will be held with other participating countries with a view to fixing a new date.
Finally, we reaffirm this country’s friendship with all countries. Foreign nationals living in Nigeria will be protected. Foreign investments will also be protected. The government will honour all obligations entered into by the previous Governments of the Federation. We will also give continued support to the Organization of African Unity, the United Nations Organization, and the Commonwealth.
Fellow Countrymen, the task ahead of us calls for sacrifice and self discipline at all levels of our society. This government will not tolerate indiscipline. The Government will not condone abuse of office.
I appeal to you all to cooperate with the Government in our endeavour to give this nation a new lease of life. This change of Government has been accomplished without shedding any blood; and we intend to keep it so.
Long live the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
No comments:
Post a Comment